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"The Marshall Historic District is a National Historic Landmark District that encompasses a significant portion of the central residential and commercial area of Marshall, Michigan. The district is nationally significant for the remarkably unified and well-preserved street plan, architecture, and public infrastructure, one of the largest such concentrations in the nation. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1991. Description and history The area that is now Marshall was settled in 1831 by Sidney Ketchum, a land speculator from New York who envisioned it as a future capital city for the future state of Michigan. He chose the site for its location on the Kalamazoo River and its proximity to the main road between Detroit and Chicago. The city was settled over the next decade by well-educated migrants from the northeastern United States, who brought with them a sense of building architecture and town planning from the region. The city was laid out in a rectilinear grid, and the early buildings were typically Greek Revival, some in a sophisticated high style. Growth was at first fueled by the belief that the community would be chosen as the state capital, but Lansing was chosen in 1847. Later growth came courtesy of industry and railroad transportation links, including the main rail yard of the Michigan Central Railroad. The city's economic prosperity continued until the 1870s, when the Michigan Central closed its rail yard. During this period, construction continued apace, with high-quality but often conservative versions of the popular Italianate and Gothic Revival styles. In the early 20th century, the city continued at a lower level of prosperity, but the level of architectural quality of new Colonial and Classical Revival buildings continued to be high. The effect of this growth is that there is now a high quality cross-section of architectural styles of the 19th and early 20th centuries, including residential, civic, commercial, and religious buildings. The historic district designated in 1991 is about in size, and includes more than 750 historically significant buildings. It is roughly bounded on the north by Forest Street, the west by Plum Street, the south by Hanover Street, and the east by East Drive. This area includes the historic commercial, civic, and residential core of the city. Particularly notable buildings include the Hawaiian-inspired Italianate Honolulu House, the National House, an 1835 Greek Revival inn, and Wagner's Block, an imposing commercial Second Empire block on West Michigan Avenue. See also *List of National Historic Landmarks in Michigan *National Register of Historic Places listings in Calhoun County, Michigan References Category:Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan Category:Georgian architecture in Michigan Category:Victorian architecture in Michigan Category:National Register of Historic Places in Calhoun County, Michigan Category:National Historic Landmarks in Michigan "
"This photo centred at the antisolar point shows various antisolar halos, as seen on a flight from Brussels to Madrid on 7 August 2006. (Credit: Francesco De Comité) The subparhelic circle is a rare halo, an optical phenomenon, located below the horizon. It passes through both the subsun (below the Sun) and the antisolar point (opposite to the Sun). The subparhelic circle is the subhorizon counterpart to the parhelic circle, located above the horizon. Located on the subparhelic circle are several relatively rare optical phenomena: the subsun, the subparhelia, the 120° subparhelia, Liljequist subparhelia, the diffuse arcs, and the Parry antisolar arcs. (including a computer simulation) (including a photo and a computer simulation) On the accompanying photo centred at the antisolar point, the subparhelic circle appears as a gently curved horizontal line intercepted by anthelic arcs. See also * 120° parhelion * Anthelion References External links * Another photo from a plane * Antisolar Region Arcs Category:Atmospheric optical phenomena fr:Cercle parhélique#Cercle subparhélique "
"Joe Lane (21 March 1927 – 13 April 2007) was an Australian Bebop jazz vocalist based in Sydney. Born Keith Joseph Lane in Sydney, Australia, he first heard bebop whilst in the army in 1947. After leaving the army he studied with conductor and teacher of advanced harmony Roy Maling, and then introduced vocal bebop into Sydney clubs such as El Rocco, the Arabian, and the Mocambo. In 1949 he formed a vocal group with Ian Gunter, which worked at Sammy Lee's Club 47. He took on the stage name of Joe "Bebop" Lane. In the 1950s Lane led the Dee Jays, which singer Johnny O'Keefe later took over, and managed to secure jamming sessions with visiting Americans, including members of the Lionel Hampton and Stan Kenton bands. He also worked on the Cool for Cats TV show in Melbourne. 1968 saw Lane moving to New Zealand where he established his own jazz club/workshop in Auckland, presenting concerts and master-classes on the bebop vocal style. Returning to Sydney in 1971 he continued working venues and festivals. In the mid-1980s, he formed his own band Killer Joe, with drummer Dennis Sutherland, and later, The Jazz Cats, which had a residency at Sydney's Criterion Hotel. He also presented a 'history of jazz' show at The Basement in Sydney, which became legendary for the audience reactions it elicited. Lane was given a feature role in Kevin Lucas's award- winning jazz film Beyond El Rocco and in the mid-1990s he released his CD album, The Arrival. He was a headline artist in the Canberra Jazz Initiative in 1993, which was a month-long festival produced by students from the ANU School of Music Jazz Department. An established jazz artist was teamed up with the best student players for each of the twelve concerts. In 2002, Lane featured as soloist with the Australian Art Orchestra, directed by Paul Grabowsky (with ten other jazz vocalists) at the Sydney Opera House in a concert for the Sydney Festival entitled Testimony – An Examination of the Life and Music of Charlie Parker. Joe Lane spent his final years in a nursing home in Sydney's inner-west, following a stroke that left him unable to speak, although he was remarkably still able to sing, which he did whenever his many musician friends visited. He died there on 13 April 2007, aged 80. External links * Obituary Category:1927 births Category:2007 deaths Category:Australian male singers Category:20th-century Australian singers Category:20th-century male singers "