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"Mummy mask of Gemniemhat; (ÆIN 1625). Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek Gemniemhat (also called Gemni) was an ancient Egyptian official who is known from his well preserved burial excavated at Saqqara. Gemniemhat dates to the end of the First Intermediate PeriodKhaled Daoud: Necropoles Memphiticae, Inscriptions from the Herakleopolitan Period, Alexandria 2011, , 111-115 or early Middle Kingdom.James P. Allen: The High Officials of the early Middle Kingdom, in N. Strudwick, J. H. Taylor (editors), The Theban Necropolis, Past, Present and Future, The British Museum Press, London 2003, , 17 His burial was found by Cecil Mallaby Firth in 1921,C. M. Firth, B. Gunn: Teti Pyramid Cemeteries. Cairo 1926, pp. 52–54, 187, 227–231, 267–269, plates 22–31 who excavated part of the cemeteries around the pyramid of Teti. The burial of Gemniemhat was found at the bottom of a shaft and contained two decorated coffins. The head of the deceased was covered with a mummy mask. Around the coffins were found many wooden models showing the production of food, two female offering bearers and a small wooden statue of Gemniemhat. The objects are today in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, although only the inner coffin could be preserved.Mogens Jorgensen: Catalogue, Egypt I (3000–1550 B.C.), Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek Copenhagen 1996, , pp. 124–151 Above ground there was a small mud brick mastaba decorated with a false door. Here, Gemniemhat bears several titles, including royal sealer, steward, overseer of the granaries. He was also funerary priest at the pyramid of king Merikare. References Category:20th-century BC people Category:Ancient Egyptian royal sealers Category:Ancient Egyptian overseers of the granaries "
"SS-Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager was a World War II SS military complex and Nazi concentration camp in Pustków and Pustków Osiedle, Occupied Poland. The Nazi facility was built to train collaborationist military units, including the Ukrainian 14th Waffen SS Division "Galician", and units from Estonia. This training included killing operations inside the concentration camps – most notably at the nearby Pustków and Szebnie camps – and Jewish ghettos in the vicinity of the 'Heidelager'. The military area was situated in the triangle of the Wisła and San rivers, dominated by large forest areas. The centre of the Heidelager was at Blizna, the location of the secret Nazi V-2 missile launch site, which was built and staffed by prisoners from the concentration camp at Pustków. History The Nazis originally planned to erect a large SStraining camp near Pustków with barracks, warehouses, and buildings for the intelligence services. The facility was built by order of Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler under provision OKW No. 3032 of 21 December 1939, which allowed for construction of an SS military training centre in the area eastward of Dębica in Generalgouvernement Polen. The training site was to be built as a barrack camp with four ring roads (called: Lager Flandern). It was planned to be completed on 1 October 1940 for two reinforced infantry regiments. To accomplish this, about a dozen villages near Pustków were evacuated and then razed. In order to provide sufficient labor to build this project, the Nazis initially set up a workers' camp. The camp opened on 26 June 1940 with the arrival the first forced labourers, mostly Jews and Belgian prisoners. Most of the Jewish prisoners were relocated from the Krakow, Rzeszow, and Tarnow ghettos and brought to the camp. The Jewish camp comprised two barracks, which, at the camp's height, were filled with around 465 prisoners. The conditions were so terrible that most prisoners did not survive the first few months. Over its four-year history, the name of the SSmilitary training centre changed several times. During the planning stages, it was named "Ostpolen" (between 21 December 1939 and 26 June 1940.) When construction of the site started on 26 June 1940, it was renamed SS"Dębica". From 15 March 1943, the site was designated as SS "Heidelager". The camp had been in use since the autumn of 1941 under the command of Oberführer-SS Werner vonSchele. The location was expanded into a prisoner of war camp for Red Army soldiers captured in the Soviet zone of occupied Poland after the implementation of Operation Barbarossa. The first of them arrived in October 1941.Schulte, Jan Erik Zwangsarbeit und Vernichtung: Das Wirtschaftsimperium der SS. Oswald Pohl und das SS-Wirtschafts-Verwaltungshauptamt 1933–1945. Mit einem Vorwort von Hans Mommsen. Schöningh, Paderborn u. a. 2001, (Zugleich: Bochum, Universität, Dissertation, 1999). (in German) In the beginning, the POW camp was no more than an enclosed area. The prisoners received minimal or no food, and were reduced to eating grass and roots. There were no barracks, so prisoners had to sleep out in the open. This lack of shelter killed many prisoners during the severe winter of 1941–42. Many were tortured and mistreated, or were executed en masse at the foot of what became known as the ('Hill of death'), its real name being . On this hill the dead inmates were cremated in specially built funeral pyres. A third camp for Polish forced labourers was established in September 1942. The conditions were no better than those at the first two camps. The forced labourers were involved in the development and production of the V-1 and V-2 rockets in the nearby missile launch site in Blizna. From 1943 the camp was guarded by units of the 204th Schutzmannschafts Battalion, a battalion consisting of ethnic Ukrainians from the area of Lviv. In addition to working on the development of the V-1 and V-2 rockets, the AEG used labor from Jews in the Pustków camp for electrical installations in the Waffen-SS Dębica training areas beginning in 1941. The total number of victims in the Pustków camp is unknown. In 1944, with the Soviet army advancing, the camp was disbanded. All surviving prisoners were sent to nearby camps, such as the Kraków-Płaszów camp. It is estimated that at least 15,000 people died or were killed, including approximately 5,000 Russian prisoner of war, 7,500 Jews, and 2,500 Poles. The last commandant of the training base was Totenkopfverbände-Oberführer-SS Bernhardt Voss, until the summer of 1944.Heinrich Himmler visiting concentration camp SS- Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager with his Nazi entourage, on 28 September 1943 The facility resembled a small city with its own narrow-gauge railway line, some 3,600 men of different nationalities, cinemas, dining halls, dozens of villas, a newsletter, a large camp brothel staffed by female prisoners from the slave labour camp nearby, and regular hunting parties for the high-ranking officers. This is where the Galizien Division came into existence. The range was visited by Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler on 28 September 1943, and abandoned in the summer of 1944 ahead of the Soviet advance. After the camp was abandoned, the area was still defended by a combat group of the Waffen-SS, under the leadership of a SS storm-troopers. The camp was largely destroyed by fire during the evacuation of the military training centre. Because of the crimes committed on the military training ground, criminal charges were filed by Polish individuals with the Nazi war crimes commission. From 1959 onwards, extensive investigations were made in Germany to uncover the crimes. Modern day Reconstruction of camp commandant Bernhardt Voss' private office Today the site houses a reconstruction of huts in the camp. Inside the huts there is a museum, comprising original artefacts from the site, including a reconstruction of the camp commandant Oberführer-SS Bernhardt Voss' private office. There are memorials to the dead and the original crematorium on the adjoining Góra Śmierci. See also * SS-Truppenübungsplatz Böhmen * The Holocaust in Poland * V-2 missile launch site, Blizna References=NotesSources * The initial version of this article is based on a translation of article Kamp Pustków of the Dutch language edition of Wikipedia. Bibliography * Stanisław Zabierowski, „Pustków hitlerowskie obozy wyniszczenia w służbie SS” KAW, Rzeszów 1981. Gallery File:Góra Śmierci Rekonstrukcja (3).JPGReconstructed huts File:SS-Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager 02.jpgSite of camp File:SS-Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager 03.jpgCamp watchtower File:Wieża wartownicza (obóz Pustków).JPGCamp watchtower File:Góra Śmierci - rekonstrukcja.JPGHuts File:Góra Śmierci krzyż.JPGCross on Góra Śmierci File:SS-Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager 018.jpgExhibits in SS-Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager museum File:SS- Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager 013.jpgReconstruction of the camp commandant Bernhardt Voss' private office File:Prisoners of Poligon SS-Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager „Dębica”.jpgPrisoners of SS-Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager File:SS- Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager 07.jpgPhotographs of prisoners of SS- Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager File:SS-Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager 05.jpgPhotographs of prisoners of SS-Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager File:Góra Śmierci 18.jpgCrematorium on Góra Śmierci, Pustków File:Góra Śmierci 20.jpgMemorial on Góra Śmierci to all who died at the concentration camp File:Góra Śmierci 20b.jpgMemorial on Góra Śmierci File:Góra Śmierci 21.jpgPeace Memorial at SS-Truppenübungsplatz Heidelager External links * Werkkamp Pustków * Pustków (Death Hill, V-missile base and SS military training ground) op www.it.tarnow.pl * Pustkow op www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org Category:Holocaust locations in Poland Category:Nazi concentration camps in Poland "
"Ichchapuram Municipality is the local self government in Ichchapuram of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is classified as a 3rd Grade Municipality. It constitutes total population of 36,493. Administration Ichchapuram municipality was formed in the year 1986. The municipality is spread over an area of and has 23 election wards. each represented by a ward member and the wards committee is headed by a chairperson. The present municipal commissioner of the town is CH.Satyanarayana. See also * List of municipalities in Andhra Pradesh References Category:1986 establishments in India Category:Government agencies established in 1986 Category:Urban local bodies in Andhra Pradesh "